Block-signal system.



H. SMITH.

BLOCK SIGNAL SYSTEM. 1 APPLICATION IIL'ED DEO. 7, 1910.

Patented Oct. 15, 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

t G. H. SMITH. BLGK SIGNAL SYSTEM.

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Patented 061.111.912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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`SMITH.

BLO'OK SIGNAL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED 1320.7, 1910.

Patented Oct. 15, 1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' Gn H. SMITH.

BLOGK'SIGNAL SYSTEM. APPLIOATIOF FILED Dsc. 7, 1910.

1,041,686. Patented 001;.15,1912.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Gf.v H. SMITH. BLOCK SIGNAL SYSTEM. APPLICATIOKl :FILED DBU. 7, 1910.

- Patented 0ct.15,1912. f

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GEORGE I-. SMITH, Ol? DAYTON, OHIO,'ASSIGNOR GF ONE-THIRD TO CHESTER L. -SMITH l AND ONE-THIRD TO ROBERT C. SMTH, BOTH 0F DAYTON, OHIO.

eLook-SIGNAL SYSTEM.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, GEORGE H. Siirrina citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Block-Signal Systems; and T do declare the following to be a full, clear, andenact. description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to .make

and use the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters and iigiires of reference ymarked thereon, which form a part of this specication.

This invention -relates toiiewand useful improvements in Aelectric block signals ier railroads. A i l l y The object of the invention is to provide a block signal system by means of which the engineer may be informed of the proximity of open switches andthe proximity of other in the front or the rear of his' trains either train.

Other objects olif theinvention Will zip-- centerof the opposite block.

While I have described the device as ap` plied. t'o locomotives, it will be understoodv 40 that it is equally adapted for electric cars on interurban roads. .y

Referring to the annexed drawings, Figure l is a `diagrammatic view of the instrumentalities as carried @upon two diierent loco.

motives, said locomotives traveling in oppon .site directions :or toward each other; Figi is a similar view @showing one locomotive approaching fanoth'er' from the rear; Fig. y3

isa similar lview showing a locomotive approaching `a switch; Fig. 'fi is a section through a switch near the points showing the electrical switch operated thereby; Fig.

5 is a detail View of one of the trolley col-A lectors; Fig. 6 is aiside elevation, partially in section, of the casing placed within the lo-v comotive and which' contains the various in- 'Specification of Letters Patent.

, Application filed December 7, 1910. Serial No. 596,103.V

Y v Patented Oct. 15,1912.

strumentalities; Fig. 7 is a top plan view ofthe oscillatii'ig switch and its actuating mechanism; Fig. 8 is a front elevation of the casing partially in section; Fig. 9 is a detail view of the direction indicator; Fig. 10 is a detail view of terminal members of a multiple switch which cuts out certain batteries to vary the voltage.

Throughout the specication and draw-l ings, similarvreference characters indicate coi-responding parts. Y

a Reierring more particularly to the drawings, 1 and 2 are the main tracks of a railroad, over which the wheels 3' and 4 of the -locomotiveor trainpass. Tlierails 1 and 2 are provided with broken or. insulated joints 5 and 6 which forniv the blocks and .which may be, for example, four miles apart on each rail. The joints 6 of. the rail 2 lie oppositea point intermediate the joints 5' of the rail 1. The joints -5 and 6 are therefore g in staggered positions, and lie, inV the present case, two miles apart. Lying parallel with4 each of the rails 1 and 2 are trolley wires 7 and 8 provided with broken joints 9 and 10 which lie opposite 'the yrespective joints 5 and 6 of the rails 1 andr 2. The joints 9 and 10 of the wires j 7 and 8 are staggered in position, as are the joints 5 and 6 yof the rails 1 and 2. Each rail 1 and2, and their respective trolley wires and 84forin portions of separatel electrical circuits. It will therefore be seen that the blocks are provided lin duplicate and are placed alternately. `The circuits partially formed by the rails 1 and 2, and

the trolleys 7 and 8are, at certain times, completed by the instrumentalities carried on the locomotives. f These instrumentalities are provided in duplicate, corresponding to j the duplicateblocks as follows:

On the rightof each locomotive' isthe wheel i which is in electrical contact, by

means of a brush or otherwise, with one end of an electrical conductor 1l. The other end of this electrical conductor 11 is attached to a switch point l2 which is, at certain' timesVconnected to a similar switch point llby means of a switcliineniher 1l.

Theswitch point 1?v is in electrical comicotion with a battery 16 or other source of electric energy, through connections 17. .The other terminal of the kbattery 16 is electrically coniiected to a switch point 1S adapted to be connected with a similar point 19 through a switch member-2O similar `to the ico ,los

switch member 14. The-switch point- 19 is ele'ctrically attached to a conductor 21 lead* ing, to one terminal of an ammeter 22, the

other terminal of which is connected toa bell.y 23 or other1 indicator, through a connector 24. The bell23 is in electrical connection with the trolley 'wire 8 through a yconnector and a trolley brush 26 mounted on an insulated-member 27 (as Shown in detail in Fig.' 5) and which may be attached to a convenient portion ofthe locomotive. The portion4 ofthe electric circuit as above described, lmay be." provided with a lamp 28.

placed in .close proximity to the ammeter 22,

andi-*1 switch 29, the'vpurpose of which will be,`hereinatfter explained.

The switch' members 14 and 20 are mounted u on one end of a swin i110r arm 30` iv- 'oted' 'at- 31, andv=insulated therefrom and from each other by-insulat-ion 32. There is also mounted on this end ot the arm 3()` a switch member 33,-which' is at all times" in electricalV connection with theconduct'or 21 by means of a flexible connection' 34.v The switch member 33 lis adapted at certain times to engage a switch point- 35 in elec! trical connection with the conductor 11 through a conduct-or 36. `The switch point 35 is separated from the terminal members 12, 13, 18 and 19,l which allows the switch members 1 4, 20 andv 33 on'one end of the arm to oscllate between them. It will be seen from the above description, that,

. when the switch-members 14 and 20 are ine contact with, theswitch points 12, 13, 18

and 19, the battery 16 will energize the en tire circuit; andwhen theswitch member 33 is in electrical connection with the switch point 35, the battery 16 will be eliminated.

Similarly ontheopposite side of the locomotive, which maybe considered the lleft side, the wheel 3is within a duplicate circuit which consists onf the conductor 11',

' switch points 12", switch member 14', switch point 13', battery 16', Switchpoint 18', switch member 20', switch point 19', am-

.meter 22', conductor 24', bell 23', and con-A ductor 25". This .circuit is lalso provided Witha.switch` point35' adapted to be engaged by aswit'chmcmber 33' connected to the conductor21'vithrough the flexible connection 34'.' "The-switch members 14', 20'

a1d33' are: mounted on the opposite end of the arm-or lever 30 and insulatedtherefrom by means of insulation 32'. The lever '30.may be' adapted to be oscillated by means of a motor l37,` energized by a battery 38, through suitable reduction gearing 39 and a connecting rod 40. The arrangement is such `that whenjthe switch members 14 and 2O are in contact with thc-"switch points 12, 13, 18 and 19, .the switch member 33' will be in contact with the switch point 35, and vice .viversa.-4 A

The motor 37 continually oscillates the lever 30 and "the switch members carried thereby, but each motor on the various.loco motives oscillates its respective lever 30 at ditlerent periods. The object of this mechanism' lis to' prevent the batteries being placed or connected in opposition when two locomotives are on the same block and run'- ning inthe same direction.

The right and left circuits as `above de? scribed, are identical with'the exception of the batteries 16 and 16', whichvare 'connected into their 4respective circuits in opposite polarity. As shown sin the drawings, .the

wheel ,4, ot' the right circuit is electrically '-f connected 4to the negative pole of the battery 16, while the left wheel`-3 is connected to the positive pole of'thebattery 16'.

In the actual construct-ion of the' above devices, the switch points 12, 13, 18 and 19 and the similar switch points in the opposite circuits, maybe mounted. on insulated the drawings. The ammetersimay be viewed' through -a glass door 45, which also allows access to the interior o`f the casingl .The .4.

switches 29 and 29' may be located at suits able points within or without the casing, such as the under side of the base 42 where -itis easilyvaccessible. I have not shown the electrical vconnections between -the various 'instrumentalities within the casing 43 in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, as they are clearly shown in the diagrammatic views. 'llhe .batteries 16,

16', and 38 may be suitably located in the cab of the locomotive, for eitaiiiple, under the seat of Athe engineer. It will bez-understood that the right andv left circuits as above described, are placed on each locomotive, and when 'two locomotives are. approaching eachother and enter 4the same block, as is. shown in Figol, the. battery 1G' ofthe locomotive'A- will bens'eries with the battery 16-'of`the locomotive Br: Iff'ach on the lever 30 are both closedfy' -i t.

Whenever a locomotive G approaches .1a l`o`- comotive D from the rear on-thesamebloclr, as is shown in Fig. 2, the battery 16" of .the locomotive C will be in cppositionlwith the battery 16' of the locomotive Dfand normally Vthe ammeters will not indicate. [l3nt as the levers 30 are continually rocking at periods of unequal time, there will be points when one of thcbattcries .16' will be con- 'battery 16 or '16' "has a.' capacityf' or-ulive, voltsfythen tenvolts. will indic'ate'don' the ammeters 22 and 22' when theswitches.

nuances neeted in-tot-he circuits and the ammeter will` indicate ivevamperes.

When the current passes through the ann meters 22 and 22', it alsov passes through the bells 23 and 23, which will give an audible signal, and through the lamps 28 and 28 thereby giving an illuminous signal and by means of which the ammeter may be read. It Willbe seen fromV the above description that i/the ammeters uctuate'from Zero to tive to ten, the engineer will be informed of the approach of another locomotive in front, but, if the'ammeters fluctuate from Zero to `live, he will be informed that another locomotive is approaching in the rear, or that he is approaching another locomotive running in the Same direction. l

In addition to the above, there is also provided an indicator which informs the engi neer. of the direction of approach 'of another locomotive lby the bells alone. it Will be noted in connection with the factthat the' `right and lei't blocks are staggered, that, if the circuit for the right bell 23 has just entered a block, said circuit can only be completed 'by a locomotive approaching from the front, consequently lif the right bell 23 `would then be rung, it would indicate that a locomotive Was on the same block in front. After the same circuit has entered the last -half of the same block, the opposite circuit `has justentered its respective block and would be in. a'position to indicate when another locomot-ive'isin front; While thecircuit for the bell 23, or right circuit, would be in aposit-ion on the latter half et its respective block, and Awould therefore be in a position toA indicate when a locomotive is on the samev block in the rear. lt will there-v fore be seen that if a t front and rear indicator be provided for each bell,Y Which would change at the beginning of each alternate block, or' ltvvice for each block, said bells can independently indicate the position of another locomotive. These indicators,

and their actuating means are constructed as follows: Mounted Within the casing 43 and j ournaled ina cross-arm 46, is a right hand dial 47 for the-bell 23, and a left hand dial 47 forthe bell 23. Each of the dials 4 7 'and 47 is provided with the Words Front and Rear, and said dia-ls are so situated, that, When-lFront is indicated.

on one dial, Rear??V Will. be vindicated ou the other dial'. To enable the indicationson the dials 47.' and 47,:to be read Without con- `fusion, the Words on 'the lower half of; the zdals may be obscured .bya .plat-e' 72. ,To .changethe indications Von the dials, v"which occurs at thel beginning or each alternate block, said dials are given a half revolution simultaneously asffollows. Each dial 47 and' 47. is provided with a gear 48 which meshes with a gear 49, of the same size, on

a shaft 50'journaled in the cross-arm 46 and -nected byv means or" the usual tie'bar ed to reciprocate.

therear of Vthe casing. Mounted on the shaft 50 is a ratchet V5l adapted to be engaged by spring-controlled paivls on a dial journaled on the shai't 50. "he dial a vertically reciprocating rack 55 mounted in bearings 56. The upward movement ot' this rack is limited byV a pin 57, and its downward movement is controlled bv a spring 58 and limited by a pin 59. The 'piir 7 V553 is irovided With a inion 54 enoaoed bv l v e o v 70 my se War-diy to give the dials 47 and 47 a halt 35 revolution, by means of a motor 'and a suitable reduction gearing G3v which meshes with teeth Gli on the lower end or' the rack. The motor 62 is energized by a battery 64. through a matic views.

@ne terminalot this circuit is connected, as shown in the drawings, to

the trolley 26, While the other terminal is connected to a contact point't' on the insulated member 27. the point 67 see F ig. 5) isa point 68 lon the trolley The trolley 27 moves in a guide 69 and is pressed downward against the trolley Wires 7 and 8 by a spring 70.

circuit 65 shown in the diagramf 9o Adapted to Contact with The trolleys are moved upward to complete. ico

the circuit 65, through the points 67 and G8, by cams 71 ou the trolley Wires '7l and 8, and which are placed at the beginning and the intermediate point ot eachblock. lt will therefore be seen, that, when the locomotive. o

enters either one of the right or-left blocks, the indications on the dials 47 Vander"vili be reversed. It Will be noted, that is shown .in the drawings, the right hand-rt ,olleys 26 act as collectors for the bell circuits and circuit closers for the motor 62; but it will be understood that separatev'devices may be provided to tions.

perform these separate func- The arrangement of the mechanism for'tl indicating when an open switch is being approached is as follows: In Fig. 4, 72 and 73 represent switch tongues which. coperate With the main rails l and 2 to form a rail Way switch. The tongues 72 and 73 are .con- 120 74, b.' means of Which the switch .may be throwny. Mounted'below the tie bar 74 is a box 75 provided Witlra slotted cover 76 in ywhich an arm 7, attached to the Mounted on theamn 77, and Within the box 7 5, are Contact points 78 adapted' to engage contact points 79 mounted on Suitable `insulation 80 Within the box 75.`

@he contact points 79 areconnected with 0 tie bar 74," is adapt- 3.25

either of the circuits formed by the rail l and trolley 7, or the rail 2 and the-trolley 8, by a circuit 8l. It is preferable to have this circuit .Sl connected into the block near its :tar end, which will give the'engineer sutlicient time o r noticev when he is approaching an open switch. lt 'will be noted from Fig.

f. 3, which shows a locomotiveapproaching a cont-rolled by only one motor`37, which will be a. distinctive feature of the signal4 -given when a locomotive is approaching an open switch. l/Vhen the locomotive goes ,into service, the engineer sets the dials 47 and 47 by means ot the knob 60 according tothe" position of vthe locomotives in reference to the blocks. It' the locomotive is on the forward end of the right block, the dial 47 is setto. read Rear, but it the locomotive is on the rear end of the right block the dial 4:7 isset to read Front iVhen the dial Tis set, the dial 47 will also be set as the two dials are connected as described. When thelocomotive is running, the dials will be automatically shifted by the cams 71. When two Alocomotives areattached to a single -train, only the first locomotive will receive vthe signals, as the circuits on the second locomotive vwill be broken at the switches 29 and 29 bythe engineer.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. In a railway lsignaling device, two pairs of parallel electrical conductors eX- tending along the track and divided into insulated block sections, the block sections of one pair beingsta those of the other pair, two partial travelin'g ,circuitsl carried by the cab, each including a source of energy and an indicator, and

cooperating respectively7 -wit'h the twopairs of conductors along the track, a two position indicator mechanism carried by the cab, means located along the track at the beginning and at the middle of 'each bloclr sectionior operating said two position indicater mechanism to ca use the same to assume alternative position and thereby Vindicate the relative position of the partial traveling circuits withA respectto the block sections, whereby when two cabs similarly equipped occupythe same block, the several indicators in-each cab will jointly indicate .the positions of the one cab with respect to the 2. In a device of the type specified, right and left-parallel stationary conductors, first ggered with' relation t0.

partial traveling circuits adapted to be connected. respectively with said right and left stationary conductors, lsaid partial circuits being right and left relative to the direction of travel, second partial traveling circuits adapted to be connected with the saidstationary conductors and also rightand left relative to the direction of travel, an amineter` in each partial traveling circuit, an` electrical encrgizerL and a shunt circuit around said energizer in connection with each partial traveling circuit, the energizers for the right partial traveling circuits being arranged for connection withtheir respective circuits in opposite polarity to those` of the 'left whereby the'currentiows in relatively opposite directio-ns in said right and left partial traveling circuits, an oscillating switch associated with eachA of said partial travelingjcircuits adapted in one position to conneet the energizers .with their respective partial' circuits and in anotherposition to eliminate the energi'ers from their respective partial circuits and to connect the shunt circuit around said energizers to said respective partial circuits, the periodof oscillation of the switches for the first partial traveling circuits beingjdilierent from those of the second vpartial traveling` circuits, whereby when the first and second partial tra-velinglcircuits are traveling in the saine direction and are connected with the saine stationary conductors, said ammeters will indicate zero or the capacity of one of the energizers; and when said partial traveling circuits are traveling toward each other andv are connected with the same stationary conductors, said ammeters will indicate zero or double the capacity otl one of the energizers.

3. In a deviceof the type speciied, ri'ght 105- and left parallel stationargfv.` conductors, the ends of the right condi'ictorsbeing placed at an intermediate point ofthe left conductors, lirstpartial traveling circuits adapted to be connected respectively with said conductors, said partial circuits being` right and left relative to the direction of travel, second partial traveling circuits adapted to-be connected with said4 stationary conductors and also right and lett relative to the direction of travel, an ai'ninet'e'r in each partial traveling circuit, an electrical energizer and' a shuntl circuit around said energizer in connection with each partial traveling circuit,

the energizers for Vthe right partial traveling circuits being arranged for connection with their respective circuits in opposite polarity to those of the left whereby the current iows in relatively opposite directions in said right and left partialptraveling circuits, an oscil- '125 lating switch associated with evfh of said partial traveling circuits adapted in one position to connect the energizers with their respective partial trawl-ding circuits., and in another position to eliminate the cnergizers conductors, said ammeters will indicate zero or the capacity of one of the energizers; and When said partial traveling circults are travelingtoward each other and are. con-- nected with the. same stationary conductors,

l said ammeters Will indicate Zeroy or double the capacity of one of the energizers.

Li. ln a device of the type specified, right and left parallel stationary conductors, said rightstationary conductors being arranged in staggered positions relative to theleft stationary conductors, a rst setof right and left partial traveling circuits adapted to be connected with said stationary conductors,

a second set of Vright and left partial traveling circuits adapted to be connected withsaid stationary conductors, anv indicator in each of said partial traveling* circuits, an

energizer in each of said partial travelingv P circuits, the enerffizers for the left circuits Copies ottii'is patent may be obtained for being connected with their respective circuits by opposite polarity from that of the right circuits, whereby the current flows in relatively opposite directions in the right 'and left circuits, an oscillating switch in each partial traveling circuit adapted to eliminate each energizer from its` respective circuit, the switches of the irstset of partial traveling circuits having different periods of oscillation from those of the second set, a second or direction indicator for the irst set' of circuits, a similar second indicator for the second set of circuits, means locatedat the beginning of the right stationary condnctors. and .means located at the beginning of the left stationary conductors for actuating said second indicators, -Whereby said iii-st and second indicators of one set of partial traveling circuits are adapted to indi- Cate the position 0f illlf9ther set oi partial traveling circuits relative to the stationary conductors, when a partial traveling cir-nit of each set is connectedvv'ith the same sta tionary conductors. 1 f

In testimony Whereo'f I atlx my signature, in presence of Itvvo Witnesses.

GEORGE H. SMITH. lVitnesses:

R. J. MoGAn'rY, MATTHEW Sinnnn.

vc cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

